diff --git a/bible/frontend.md b/bible/frontend.md
index fb13aa5..186e567 100644
--- a/bible/frontend.md
+++ b/bible/frontend.md
@@ -87,3 +87,11 @@ The frontend is a **single-page application** with no build step — plain HTML,
 | Tabulator | latest stable | CDN (`tabulator.info`) |
 
 No bundler, no transpiler, no node_modules.
+
+---
+
+## Modal UX Rules
+
+- Destructive or data-entry modals must not close on backdrop click.
+- Close such modals only via explicit controls: `Отмена`, `Закрыть`, or a top-right `×` button.
+- If a modal can be closed, provide a visible close button in the header (top-right `×`) in addition to the footer action when applicable.
diff --git a/public/js/io.js b/public/js/io.js
index 407638f..80d6570 100644
--- a/public/js/io.js
+++ b/public/js/io.js
@@ -244,7 +244,13 @@ function showImportErrorDialog(result, headers) {
   });
 
   dialog.innerHTML = `
-    <h3 style="margin-top: 0; color: #d32f2f;">📊 Результат импорта</h3>
+    <div style="display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px;">
+      <h3 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; color: #d32f2f;">📊 Результат импорта</h3>
+      <button id="importErrorX" type="button" aria-label="Закрыть"
+              style="padding: 0; width: 32px; height: 32px; border: none; border-radius: 4px; background: transparent; cursor: pointer; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1; color: #666;">
+        ×
+      </button>
+    </div>
 
     <div style="display: flex; gap: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
       <div style="flex: 1; padding: 15px; background: #e8f5e9; border-radius: 8px; text-align: center;">
@@ -277,7 +283,7 @@ function showImportErrorDialog(result, headers) {
   modal.appendChild(dialog);
   document.body.appendChild(modal);
 
-  modal.onclick = (e) => { if (e.target === modal) modal.remove(); };
+  dialog.querySelector('#importErrorX').onclick = () => modal.remove();
   dialog.querySelector('#importErrorClose').onclick = () => modal.remove();
 
   dialog.querySelector('#importErrorDownload').onclick = () => {
@@ -371,7 +377,13 @@ async function showExportDialog() {
   }
 
   dialog.innerHTML = `
-    <h3 style="margin-top: 0;">📤 Экспорт данных</h3>
+    <div style="display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px;">
+      <h3 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;">📤 Экспорт данных</h3>
+      <button id="exportX" type="button" aria-label="Закрыть"
+              style="padding: 0; width: 32px; height: 32px; border: none; border-radius: 4px; background: transparent; cursor: pointer; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1; color: #666;">
+        ×
+      </button>
+    </div>
 
     <div style="display: flex; border-bottom: 2px solid #ddd; margin-bottom: 15px;">
       <button id="tabCSV" class="export-tab" style="padding: 10px 20px; border: none; background: #4CAF50; color: white; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0; margin-right: 5px;">
@@ -461,7 +473,7 @@ async function showExportDialog() {
     panelBackup.style.display = 'block'; panelCSV.style.display = 'none';
   };
 
-  modal.onclick = (e) => { if (e.target === modal) modal.remove(); };
+  dialog.querySelector('#exportX').onclick = () => modal.remove();
   dialog.querySelector('#exportClose').onclick = () => modal.remove();
 
   if (hasTable) {
diff --git a/public/js/operations.js b/public/js/operations.js
index ec3c80f..58a355b 100644
--- a/public/js/operations.js
+++ b/public/js/operations.js
@@ -443,7 +443,13 @@ async function promptForRequiredFields(requiredFields, optionalFields) {
   `;
 
   let html = `
-    <h3 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 15px;">➕ Вставить запись в ${currentSchema}.${currentTable}</h3>
+    <div style="display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 15px;">
+      <h3 style="margin: 0;">➕ Вставить запись в ${currentSchema}.${currentTable}</h3>
+      <button id="insertClose" type="button" aria-label="Закрыть"
+              style="padding: 0; width: 32px; height: 32px; border: none; border-radius: 4px; background: transparent; cursor: pointer; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1; color: #666;">
+        ×
+      </button>
+    </div>
   `;
 
   // Обязательные поля
@@ -478,21 +484,15 @@ async function promptForRequiredFields(requiredFields, optionalFields) {
   document.body.appendChild(modal);
 
   return new Promise((resolve) => {
-    document.getElementById('insertCancel').addEventListener('click', () => {
+    const closeInsertModal = () => {
       if (document.body.contains(modal)) {
         document.body.removeChild(modal);
       }
       resolve(null);
-    });
+    };
 
-    modal.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
-      if (e.target === modal) {
-        if (document.body.contains(modal)) {
-          document.body.removeChild(modal);
-        }
-        resolve(null);
-      }
-    });
+    document.getElementById('insertCancel').addEventListener('click', closeInsertModal);
+    document.getElementById('insertClose').addEventListener('click', closeInsertModal);
 
     document.getElementById('insertSubmit').addEventListener('click', () => {
       const values = {};
@@ -626,7 +626,13 @@ async function showEditModal(selectedRows) {
   `;
 
   let html = `
-    <h3 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10px;">✏️ Редактирование ${isSingleRow ? 'записи' : `${count} записей`}</h3>
+    <div style="display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
+      <h3 style="margin: 0;">✏️ Редактирование ${isSingleRow ? 'записи' : `${count} записей`}</h3>
+      <button id="editClose" type="button" aria-label="Закрыть"
+              style="padding: 0; width: 32px; height: 32px; border: none; border-radius: 4px; background: transparent; cursor: pointer; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1; color: #666;">
+        ×
+      </button>
+    </div>
   `;
 
   if (!isSingleRow) {
@@ -738,19 +744,14 @@ async function showEditModal(selectedRows) {
   modal.appendChild(dialog);
   document.body.appendChild(modal);
 
-  document.getElementById('editCancel').addEventListener('click', () => {
+  const closeEditModal = () => {
     if (document.body.contains(modal)) {
       document.body.removeChild(modal);
     }
-  });
+  };
 
-  modal.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
-    if (e.target === modal) {
-      if (document.body.contains(modal)) {
-        document.body.removeChild(modal);
-      }
-    }
-  });
+  document.getElementById('editCancel').addEventListener('click', closeEditModal);
+  document.getElementById('editClose').addEventListener('click', closeEditModal);
 
   document.getElementById('editSubmit').addEventListener('click', async () => {
     const changes = {};