QuoteForge/internal/db/connection.go

package db

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"git.mchus.pro/mchus/quoteforge/internal/localdb"
	"gorm.io/driver/mysql"
	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
)

const (
	defaultConnectTimeout    = 5 * time.Second
	defaultPingInterval      = 30 * time.Second
	defaultReconnectCooldown = 10 * time.Second

	// defaultStatusCheckInterval controls how often the background prober
	// re-checks connectivity to keep IsOnline() cheap. Request-handling
	// goroutines must never pay the MySQL dial/read timeout themselves.
	defaultStatusCheckInterval = 15 * time.Second

	maxOpenConns    = 10
	maxIdleConns    = 2
	connMaxLifetime = 5 * time.Minute
)

// ConnectionStatus represents the current status of the database connection
type ConnectionStatus struct {
	IsConnected bool
	LastCheck   time.Time
	LastError   string // empty if no error
	DSNHost     string // host:port for display (without password!)
}

// ConnectionManager manages database connections with thread-safety and connection pooling
type ConnectionManager struct {
	localDB           *localdb.LocalDB // for getting DSN from settings
	mu                sync.RWMutex     // protects db/lastError/lastCheck only — never held during network I/O
	connMu            sync.Mutex       // serializes actual dial/ping attempts; held *instead of* mu during network I/O
	db                *gorm.DB         // current connection (nil if not connected)
	lastError         error            // last connection error
	lastCheck         time.Time        // time of last check/attempt
	connectTimeout    time.Duration    // timeout for connection (default: 5s)
	pingInterval      time.Duration    // minimum interval between pings (default: 30s)
	reconnectCooldown time.Duration    // pause after failed attempt (default: 10s)

	statusCheckInterval time.Duration // background prober cadence (default: 15s)
	stopStatusLoop      chan struct{} // closed by Stop() to end the background loop
}

// NewConnectionManager creates a new ConnectionManager instance
func NewConnectionManager(localDB *localdb.LocalDB) *ConnectionManager {
	return &ConnectionManager{
		localDB:             localDB,
		connectTimeout:      defaultConnectTimeout,
		pingInterval:        defaultPingInterval,
		reconnectCooldown:   defaultReconnectCooldown,
		statusCheckInterval: defaultStatusCheckInterval,
		db:                  nil,
		lastError:           nil,
		lastCheck:           time.Time{},
	}
}

// Start launches a background goroutine that keeps the online-status cache
// fresh, so that IsOnline() (called from request-handling middleware) never
// blocks on network I/O itself. Returns immediately — the app must be able
// to serve the local-first UI right away, before connectivity is even known.
// Until the first background check completes, IsOnline() reports offline
// (the safe default). Stop via ctx cancellation or Stop().
func (cm *ConnectionManager) Start(ctx context.Context) {
	cm.mu.Lock()
	if cm.stopStatusLoop == nil {
		cm.stopStatusLoop = make(chan struct{})
	}
	stopCh := cm.stopStatusLoop
	cm.mu.Unlock()

	go func() {
		// Prime the cache in the background; the dial/read timeout must not
		// delay server startup.
		cm.checkOnlineNow()

		ticker := time.NewTicker(cm.statusCheckInterval)
		defer ticker.Stop()
		for {
			select {
			case <-ctx.Done():
				return
			case <-stopCh:
				return
			case <-ticker.C:
				cm.checkOnlineNow()
			}
		}
	}()
}

// Stop ends the background status-refresh loop started by Start.
func (cm *ConnectionManager) Stop() {
	cm.mu.Lock()
	defer cm.mu.Unlock()
	if cm.stopStatusLoop != nil {
		close(cm.stopStatusLoop)
		cm.stopStatusLoop = nil
	}
}

// GetDB returns the current database connection, establishing it if needed.
// Thread-safe and respects connection cooldowns. The actual network I/O
// (dial/ping) never runs while holding cm.mu, so concurrent readers of the
// cached status (IsOnline, GetStatus) are never blocked by an in-flight
// connection attempt — only concurrent GetDB/checkOnlineNow callers are
// serialized against each other, via connMu.
func (cm *ConnectionManager) GetDB() (*gorm.DB, error) {
	// Handle case where localDB is nil
	if cm.localDB == nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("local database not initialized")
	}

	if db, err, ok := cm.cachedResult(); ok {
		return db, err
	}

	// Serialize actual connection attempts so concurrent callers don't dial
	// in parallel. This may block the calling goroutine on network I/O, but
	// never blocks other goroutines that only read the cached status.
	cm.connMu.Lock()
	defer cm.connMu.Unlock()

	// Re-check: another goroutine may have just finished connecting while we
	// were waiting for connMu.
	if db, err, ok := cm.cachedResult(); ok {
		return db, err
	}

	newDB, err := cm.dial()

	cm.mu.Lock()
	if err != nil {
		// Drop stale handle so callers don't treat it as an active connection.
		cm.db = nil
		cm.lastError = err
		cm.lastCheck = time.Now()
		cm.mu.Unlock()
		return nil, err
	}
	cm.db = newDB
	cm.lastError = nil
	cm.lastCheck = time.Now()
	cm.mu.Unlock()

	return newDB, nil
}

// cachedResult returns (db, err, true) if the cached state is still fresh
// enough to answer without a new network round-trip: either a live
// connection within pingInterval, or a recent failure still within
// reconnectCooldown. Returns ok=false if a fresh connection attempt is needed.
func (cm *ConnectionManager) cachedResult() (*gorm.DB, error, bool) {
	cm.mu.RLock()
	defer cm.mu.RUnlock()

	if cm.db != nil && time.Since(cm.lastCheck) < cm.pingInterval {
		return cm.db, nil, true
	}
	if cm.db == nil && cm.lastError != nil && time.Since(cm.lastCheck) < cm.reconnectCooldown {
		return nil, cm.lastError, true
	}
	return nil, nil, false
}

// dial establishes a new database connection. Pure network I/O — must not be
// called while holding cm.mu.
func (cm *ConnectionManager) dial() (*gorm.DB, error) {
	// Get DSN from local settings
	dsn, err := cm.localDB.GetDSN()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("getting DSN: %w", err)
	}

	// Create context with timeout
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), cm.connectTimeout)
	defer cancel()

	// Open database connection
	db, err := gorm.Open(mysql.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{
		Logger: logger.Default.LogMode(logger.Silent),
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("opening database connection: %w", err)
	}

	// Test the connection
	sqlDB, err := db.DB()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("getting sql.DB: %w", err)
	}

	// Ping with timeout
	if err = sqlDB.PingContext(ctx); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pinging database: %w", err)
	}

	// Set connection pool settings
	sqlDB.SetMaxOpenConns(maxOpenConns)
	sqlDB.SetMaxIdleConns(maxIdleConns)
	sqlDB.SetConnMaxLifetime(connMaxLifetime)

	return db, nil
}

// IsOnline returns the cached connectivity status. It never performs network
// I/O itself so it is safe to call from request-handling middleware; the
// background loop started by Start() (or an explicit TryConnect) is
// responsible for keeping the cache fresh.
func (cm *ConnectionManager) IsOnline() bool {
	cm.mu.RLock()
	defer cm.mu.RUnlock()
	return cm.db != nil && cm.lastError == nil
}

// checkOnlineNow checks if the database is currently connected and
// responsive, performing real network I/O (dial/ping) as needed. If
// disconnected, it tries to reconnect (respecting cooldowns in GetDB). This
// must only be called from the background status loop or explicit
// user-triggered reconnects, never from request-handling goroutines.
func (cm *ConnectionManager) checkOnlineNow() bool {
	cm.mu.RLock()
	isDisconnected := cm.db == nil
	lastErr := cm.lastError
	checkedRecently := time.Since(cm.lastCheck) < cm.pingInterval
	cm.mu.RUnlock()

	// Try reconnect in disconnected state.
	if isDisconnected {
		_, err := cm.GetDB()
		return err == nil
	}

	// If we've checked recently, return cached result.
	if checkedRecently {
		return lastErr == nil
	}

	// Serialize actual ping attempts (network I/O) against other
	// connect/ping attempts, without ever holding cm.mu during the I/O.
	cm.connMu.Lock()
	defer cm.connMu.Unlock()

	cm.mu.RLock()
	db := cm.db
	checkedRecently = time.Since(cm.lastCheck) < cm.pingInterval
	cm.mu.RUnlock()

	if db == nil {
		return false
	}
	if checkedRecently {
		return true
	}

	// Perform ping with timeout — no locks held here.
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), cm.connectTimeout)
	defer cancel()

	sqlDB, err := db.DB()
	if err == nil {
		err = sqlDB.PingContext(ctx)
	}

	cm.mu.Lock()
	defer cm.mu.Unlock()
	if err != nil {
		cm.lastError = err
		cm.lastCheck = time.Now()
		cm.db = nil
		return false
	}
	cm.lastCheck = time.Now()
	cm.lastError = nil
	return true
}

// TryConnect forces a new connection attempt (for UI "Reconnect" button).
// Ignores the reconnect cooldown, but still serializes against other
// dial attempts via connMu and never holds cm.mu during network I/O.
func (cm *ConnectionManager) TryConnect() error {
	cm.connMu.Lock()
	defer cm.connMu.Unlock()

	newDB, err := cm.dial()

	cm.mu.Lock()
	defer cm.mu.Unlock()
	if err != nil {
		cm.db = nil
		cm.lastError = err
		cm.lastCheck = time.Now()
		return err
	}
	cm.db = newDB
	cm.lastError = nil
	cm.lastCheck = time.Now()
	return nil
}

// Disconnect closes the current database connection
func (cm *ConnectionManager) Disconnect() {
	cm.mu.Lock()
	defer cm.mu.Unlock()

	if cm.db != nil {
		sqlDB, err := cm.db.DB()
		if err == nil {
			sqlDB.Close()
		}
	}
	cm.db = nil
	cm.lastError = nil
}

// MarkOffline closes the current connection and preserves the last observed error.
func (cm *ConnectionManager) MarkOffline(err error) {
	cm.mu.Lock()
	defer cm.mu.Unlock()

	if cm.db != nil {
		sqlDB, dbErr := cm.db.DB()
		if dbErr == nil {
			sqlDB.Close()
		}
	}
	cm.db = nil
	cm.lastError = err
	cm.lastCheck = time.Now()
}

// GetLastError returns the last connection error (thread-safe)
func (cm *ConnectionManager) GetLastError() error {
	cm.mu.RLock()
	defer cm.mu.RUnlock()
	return cm.lastError
}

// GetStatus returns the current connection status
func (cm *ConnectionManager) GetStatus() ConnectionStatus {
	cm.mu.RLock()
	defer cm.mu.RUnlock()

	status := ConnectionStatus{
		IsConnected: cm.db != nil,
		LastCheck:   cm.lastCheck,
		LastError:   "",
		DSNHost:     "",
	}

	if cm.lastError != nil {
		status.LastError = cm.lastError.Error()
	}

	// Extract host from DSN for display
	if cm.localDB != nil {
		if dsn, err := cm.localDB.GetDSN(); err == nil {
			// Parse DSN to extract host:port
			// Format: user:password@tcp(host:port)/database?...
			status.DSNHost = extractHostFromDSN(dsn)
		}
	}

	return status
}

// extractHostFromDSN extracts the host:port part from a DSN string
func extractHostFromDSN(dsn string) string {
	// Find the tcp( part
	tcpStart := 0
	if tcpStart = len("tcp("); tcpStart < len(dsn) && dsn[tcpStart] == '(' {
		// Look for the closing parenthesis
		parenEnd := -1
		for i := tcpStart + 1; i < len(dsn); i++ {
			if dsn[i] == ')' {
				parenEnd = i
				break
			}
		}
		if parenEnd != -1 {
			// Extract host:port part between tcp( and )
			hostPort := dsn[tcpStart+1 : parenEnd]
			return hostPort
		}
	}

	// Fallback: try to find host:port by looking for @tcp( pattern
	atIndex := -1
	for i := 0; i < len(dsn)-4; i++ {
		if dsn[i:i+4] == "@tcp" {
			atIndex = i
			break
		}
	}

	if atIndex != -1 {
		// Look for the opening parenthesis after @tcp
		parenStart := -1
		for i := atIndex + 4; i < len(dsn); i++ {
			if dsn[i] == '(' {
				parenStart = i
				break
			}
		}

		if parenStart != -1 {
			// Look for the closing parenthesis
			parenEnd := -1
			for i := parenStart + 1; i < len(dsn); i++ {
				if dsn[i] == ')' {
					parenEnd = i
					break
				}
			}

			if parenEnd != -1 {
				hostPort := dsn[parenStart+1 : parenEnd]
				return hostPort
			}
		}
	}

	// If we can't parse it, return empty string
	return ""
}